{"id":1659,"date":"2022-09-06T03:49:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-06T03:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/?p=1659"},"modified":"2022-09-13T21:10:29","modified_gmt":"2022-09-13T21:10:29","slug":"co-vedet-o-transfuzich-krve-a-onemocneni-srpkovitych-bunek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/2022\/09\/06\/co-vedet-o-transfuzich-krve-a-onemocneni-srpkovitych-bunek\/","title":{"rendered":"Co v\u011bd\u011bt o transfuz\u00edch krve a onemocn\u011bn\u00ed srpkovit\u00fdch bun\u011bk"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1> Co v\u011bd\u011bt o transfuz\u00edch krve a onemocn\u011bn\u00ed srpkovit\u00fdch bun\u011bk <\/h1>\n<p> Sickle Cell Coyl (SCD) je zdravotn\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd ovliv\u0148uje \u010derven\u00e9 krvinky. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou lid\u00e9 s SCD vy\u017eadovat krevn\u00ed transfuze, aby pomohli l\u00e9\u010dit a \u0159\u00eddit stav a p\u0159edch\u00e1zet komplikac\u00edm. <\/p>\n<p> Podle Centra pro kontrolu a prevenci nemoc\u00ed (CDC) se 1 z ka\u017ed\u00fdch 13 africk\u00fdch americk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed narod\u00ed s srpkovit\u00fdmi bu\u0148kami, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee maj\u00ed jeden srpkovit\u00fd gen, kter\u00fd by mohli p\u0159edat jejich jejich D\u011bti. <\/p>\n<p> Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek nast\u00edn\u00ed, jak mohou krevn\u00ed transfuze pomoci l\u00e9\u010dit SCD.<!--more--> Krevn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky pro lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed je pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. Zahrnuje p\u0159enos krve \u017e\u00edly. M\u016f\u017ee se konat v nemocnici, klinice nebo v soukrom\u00e9m dom\u011b. <\/p>\n<p> Lid\u00e9 mohou p\u0159ij\u00edmat r\u016fzn\u00e9 sm\u011bsi krve a jej\u00ed slo\u017eky. Jedn\u00e1 se o plnou krev, \u010derven\u00e9 krvinky (RBC), b\u00edl\u00e9 krvinky, krevn\u00ed desti\u010dky a plazma. Vhodn\u00fd z\u00e1pas. Pro lidi se SCD je d\u016fraz kladen na transfuzi RBC a hlavn\u00ed typy transf\u00faze krve jsou: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Jednoduch\u00e1 transf\u00faze: Proces p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 darovanou krev do syst\u00e9mu \u010dlov\u011bka, ani\u017e by odstranila \u017e\u00e1dnou z jejich krve. <\/li>\n<li> Transfuze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bny: V tomto postupu l\u00e9ka\u0159 odstran\u00ed mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed krve a nahrazuje ji darovanou zdravou krv\u00ed. D\u011blaj\u00ed to, aby se vyhnuli odstran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho krve najednou. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se z jednoduch\u00fdch transfuz\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fdch n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f. Tento postup je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd pro d\u011bti, dokonce i batolata, stejn\u011b jako pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9. Zdrav\u00e9 RBC jsou <a href=\"https:\/\/recenzeproduktu.top\/gelarex\/\">f\u00f3rum gelarex<\/a> kulat\u00e9 a hladce se pohybuj\u00ed skrz krevn\u00ed c\u00e9vy, aby p\u0159epravovaly kysl\u00edk kolem t\u011bla. U n\u011bkoho se SCD znamen\u00e1 probl\u00e9m s proteinov\u00fdm hemoglobinem, \u017ee RBC jsou tvrd\u00e9, lepkav\u00e9 a srpkovit\u00e9.\n<p> Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se RBC mohou uv\u00edznout v men\u0161\u00edch krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v\u00e1ch t\u011bla, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje nedostatek kysl\u00edku v cel\u00e9m t\u011ble. Mezi mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky pat\u0159\u00ed bolest, mrtvice, syndrom akutn\u00edho hrudn\u00edku a infekce. <\/p>\n<p> Kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 maj\u00ed SCD, jejich RBC tak\u00e9 maj\u00ed tendenci zem\u0159\u00edt rychle, \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed pouze 10\u201320 dn\u00ed, m\u00edsto 90\u2013120. Pokud t\u011blo nem\u016f\u017ee vytvo\u0159it nov\u00e9 RBC, kter\u00e9 je nahrad\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle, m\u016f\u017ee si \u010dlov\u011bk vyvinout an\u00e9mii. <\/p>\n<p> L\u00e9ky na p\u0159edpis, terapie kmenov\u00fdmi bu\u0148kami a transf\u00faze krevn\u00edch jsou standardn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbou SCD. Nemoc se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu zhor\u0161uje, tak\u017ee o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bk pot\u0159ebuje po cel\u00fd \u017eivot, se tak\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zm\u011bn\u00ed. pom\u00e1hat lidem spravovat SCD. Tyto postupy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed zdravotnick\u00fdm t\u00fdm\u016fm rychle reagovat, kdy\u017e si lid\u00e9 vyv\u00edjej\u00ed n\u00e1hl\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky a komplikace v d\u016fsledku SCD, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad: <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> an\u00e9mie, zejm\u00e9na kdy\u017e probl\u00e9my s slezinou zhor\u0161uj\u00ed <\/li>\n<li> N\u011bkter\u00e9 infekce <\/li>\n<li> Akutn\u00ed syndrom hrudn\u00edku <\/li>\n<li> Splenick\u00e1 sekvestrace, kter\u00e1 je, kdy\u017e slezina n\u00e1hle a nebezpe\u010dn\u011b v d\u016fsledku zachycen\u00fdch srpkov\u00fdch bun\u011bk <\/li>\n<li> Selh\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce org\u00e1n\u016f <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Transfuze mohou tak\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nit probl\u00e9m\u016fm souvisej\u00edc\u00edm s SCD, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Komplikace p\u0159ed chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1krokem a dal\u0161\u00edmi l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdmi z\u00e1sahy <\/li>\n<li> Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika mrtvice v Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e m\u011bli jeden <\/li>\n<li> Sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rizika mrtvice u d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou ohro\u017eeny bezbolestn\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd postup. Americk\u00fd \u010cerven\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee zat\u00edmco proces obvykle trv\u00e1 asi 1 hodinu od p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed k ob\u010derstven\u00ed pot\u00e9, skute\u010dn\u00fd sb\u011br cel\u00e9 krve trv\u00e1 jen asi 10 minut. Dary zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed afer\u00e9zu budou trvat d\u00e9le.\n<p> A\u010dkoli to tak\u00e9 nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 bolestiv\u00e9, krom\u011b pinpriku pro intraven\u00f3zn\u00ed (iv) vlo\u017een\u00ed, trv\u00e1 o n\u011bco d\u00e9le, ne\u017e jednotlivec p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 krev, v z\u00e1vislosti na typu jako Transfuze: <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> Jednoduch\u00e1 transf\u00faze: Doktor p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 darovanou krev syst\u00e9mu jednotlivce a doba, kterou trv\u00e1, se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, kolik krve \u010dlov\u011bk pot\u0159ebuje. <\/li>\n<li> \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna: Tento proces prob\u00edh\u00e1 ve f\u00e1z\u00edch, odstra\u0148uje mal\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed krve, obnovuje ji a pot\u00e9 ji vr\u00e1t\u00ed p\u0159ed odstran\u011bn\u00edm dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1vky. Tato metoda znamen\u00e1, \u017ee osoba podstupuj\u00edc\u00ed postup nikdy chyb\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e n\u011bkolik unc\u00ed krve najednou. Odstra\u0148uje RBC a zahod\u00ed je. L\u00e9ka\u0159 pak m\u00eds\u00ed plazmu jednotlivce, krevn\u00edch desti\u010dek a b\u00edl\u00fdch krvinek s RBC od d\u00e1rce a p\u0159id\u00e1 antikoagulant, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 vlo\u017eili sm\u011bs zp\u011bt do t\u011bla jednotlivce. U lid\u00ed s SCD m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edv\u00eddat, jak a kdy by mohli za\u010d\u00edt \u0161patn\u011b reagovat na darovanou krev. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky mohou b\u00fdt fat\u00e1ln\u00ed, je nutn\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed opatrnost. A\u010dkoli jsou obecn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, transfuze krve mohou n\u011bkdy zp\u016fsobit n\u011bkolik komplikac\u00ed u lid\u00ed s SCD v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu. Hemosider\u00f3za se m\u016f\u017ee vyvinout po \u010dast\u00fdch krevn\u00edch transfuz\u00edch a m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kodit srdce, j\u00e1tra, pankreas a dal\u0161\u00ed org\u00e1ny, pokud jednotlivec nedost\u00e1v\u00e1 chelata\u010dn\u00ed terapii \u017eeleza.\n<p> Typ krevn\u00ed transf\u00faze zvan\u00e9 erytrocytafer\u00e9za nebo automatizovan\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko budov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eeleza v t\u011ble. <\/p>\n<p> aloimunizace, ve kter\u00e9m jednotlivec produkuje Imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f na darovanou krev je dal\u0161\u00edm podm\u00ednkou, kter\u00e1 se m\u016f\u017ee vyvinout po v\u00edce transfuz\u00edch. Podle studie z roku 2014 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k aloimunizaci p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b u 30% lid\u00ed s SCD, kte\u0159\u00ed podstupuj\u00ed krevn\u00ed transfuze. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 mod\u0159iny a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 se mohou vyvinout infekce. DHTR pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zp\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 4,2% \u00famrt\u00ed v d\u016fsledku SCD. \/li&gt;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li> Z\u00e1vrat\u011b <\/li>\n<li> N\u00edzk\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> Shrnut\u00ed <\/h2>\n<p> Srpn\u00e1 bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd zdravotn\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u017eivot, \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed zdrav\u00ed a kvality \u017eivota jednotlivce. <\/p>\n<p> Transfuze krve mohou b\u00fdt \u00fa\u010dinnou formou l\u00e9\u010dby, a\u010dkoli postup m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 souvisej\u00edc\u00ed rizika, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Krev\/hematologie <\/li>\n<li> Transplant\u00e1ty\/dary org\u00e1n\u016f <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy dnes maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 pokyny pro zdroje a \u010derp\u00e1 pouze z recenzovan\u00fdch studi\u00ed, akademick\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch instituc\u00ed a l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch \u010dasopis\u016f a asociac\u00ed. Vyh\u00fdb\u00e1me se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed terci\u00e1rn\u00edch odkaz\u016f. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku propojujeme prim\u00e1rn\u00ed zdroje &#8211; v\u010detn\u011b studi\u00ed, v\u011bdeck\u00fdch odkaz\u016f a statistik &#8211; a tak\u00e9 je uve\u010fte v sekci zdroj\u016f v doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti na\u0161ich \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00ed informace o tom, jak zajist\u00edme, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 obsah je p\u0159esn\u00fd a aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, se m\u016f\u017eete dozv\u011bd\u011bt \u010dten\u00edm na\u0161\u00ed redak\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1sady <!->.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co v\u011bd\u011bt o transfuz\u00edch krve a onemocn\u011bn\u00ed srpkovit\u00fdch bun\u011bk Sickle Cell Coyl (SCD) je zdravotn\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd ovliv\u0148uje \u010derven\u00e9 krvinky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[36],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1659"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1659"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1659\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1660,"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1659\/revisions\/1660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vedhavidhi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}